Anna Arnoldovna Sneg

Some historical data on the study of the soil and vegetation cover of the Chashnikovsky extension of the Klyazma River are presented, as well as the results of the study of parent rocks, soils, snow cover composition and distribution of elements in the territory of the superaquatic landscape of the MSU TESEC, including the floodplain soils of the Klyazma River. The parent rocks for this territory are alluvial deposits (14.5% of the total area), peat underlain by deluvial deposits (13.2%), peat underlain by alluvial deposits (12.9%), and alluvial deposits underlain by peat (8.4%). Nine subtypes of alluvial soils have been identified, belonging to 5 types. Alluvial meadow-bog soils predominate (35.8% of the floodplain territory); alluvial meadow acidic soils (21.2%), alluvial bog silt-peat soils (18.9%), alluvial soddy acidic soils (15.5%), and alluvial bog silt-humus-gley soils (8.6%) are also distinguished. The distribution pattern and chemical composition of the snow cover of the EE SEC "Chashnikovo" superaquatic landscape were studied based on 9 selected sampling points. The average height of the snow cover in the floodplain area is 37.8 cm, the snow cover reserves are 118.8 kg m–2 with an average snow density of 0.32 g cm–3. The snow within the superaquatic landscape of the EE SEC "Chashnikovo" is characterized by a low content of components and belongs to the bicarbonate-calcium-sodium-magnesium class. The superaquatic landscape zone is characterized by low values of the content of the main components in the snow water, since it is located far from the M-10 "Moscow - St. Petersburg" highway and populated areas. In the terrace part of the floodplain, relatively high levels of calcium, magnesium and potassium are found in soil solutions. The soils of the central floodplain depressions are characterized by a significant increase in the content of sodium and iron, chloride ion, and among microelements - chromium, copper, zinc and strontium. For the soil of the elevated part of the central floodplain, which has already entered the automorphic stage of development, a decrease in the content of most cations and anions was found. The predominant elements in the composition of new formations in floodplain soils are iron and manganese. Among heavy metals, lead ranks first in terms of accumulation.